Biology

Beginning course for all Biology majors. Study of biomolecules, cell structure and function, energy, metabolism, photosynthesis, genetics, history of life, and diversity of animal life. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 126 — Biology II. 4 hours.

The second course for all Biology majors. Study of plant diversity, and plant and animal anatomy, physiology, and development. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period. Prerequisite: BIOL 125.

BIOL 169 — Survey of Anatomy and Physiology. 4 hours.

A non-major laboratory science course to study the human body in health and disease. Basic anatomical and physiological information concerning cells, tissues, and the organ systems will be studied. Relevant clinical applications will be included. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 201 — General Biological Science. 3 hours.

A survey course focusing on information, topics, and experiences derived from the biological sciences. The course systematically builds a sequential scientific information base derived from chemical/molecular, genetic, cellular, tissue/organ, organism, and population/ecological areas. Contemporary topics in biology, biomedicine, evolution, stem cell use, risk assessment, human disease, cancer, and environmental stewardship are also studied. Laboratory experiences are designed to augment and extend the lecture experience. When possible, human connections are emphasized so as to encourage students to see their role in the magnificent scheme of life. Thus, the primary goal is to help the student learn and connect basic biological content with a larger, more integrated perspective. Preferred prerequisite: PHSC 102.

BIOL 211 — Medical Terminology. 2 hours.

A specialized course designed to familiarize the student with the unique terminology related to specialized fields of medicine.

BIOL 246 — Human Anatomy and Physiology I. 4 hours.

The first of a two-semester sequence. Both courses consider the morphology and physiology of the human body using the organ systems approach with emphasis on the "connectedness" of human structure and function. BIOL 246 focuses on tissues, skin, skeleton, articulations, muscle, nervous, and sensory systems. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period per week.

BIOL 247 — Human Anatomy and Physiology II. 4 hours.

The second of a two-semester sequence. It considers circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, endocrine, and reproductive systems of the human body. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 320 — Genetics. 4 hours.

An introductory study of the principles and mechanisms of heredity. This includes the study of transmission of inherited traits in individuals and populations, the study of chromosomes and their variations and the molecular and biochemical understanding of the genetic material. The gene is examined at several levels: its structure, function, organization, mutation, and regulation. Modern concepts such as recombinant DNA technology, genomics, and gene manipulation are also addressed. Assignment of genetics problems occurs throughout the course. Three lecture periods, one laboratory period, and one problem-solving session. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, BIOL 126, or consent of the instructor.

BIOL 330 — Pathophysiology. 3 hours.

A study of the concepts and applications of Pathophysiology for pre-health care professionals. A systems approach based on a previous knowledge of normal physiological homeostatic mechanisms. Disease as a loss of the steady state is emphasized and therapeutic approaches are discussed as mechanisms that act to restore and maintain the steady state. Prerequisites: BIOL 246, BIOL 247, and BIOL 356.

BIOL 335 — Biochemistry. 4 hours.

This course is the study of central biochemical principles which demonstrate the relationship of structure to function in bioenergetics, regulation and other cellular activities. Special emphasis is placed upon the physical, chemical, and biological context in which biomolecules and metabolic pathways function. Animal, plant, and microbial systems are given balanced treatment and are often covered together to highlight similarities and distinctions. Important experimental techniques that underlie advances in biochemistry, molecular biology and cell biology are explained in the context of concepts and principles. Many major concepts and methods are also incorporated into the laboratory experience. Additional coverage of proteins, enzyme structure and function, DNA, and RNA is included. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period. Prerequisites: BIOL 125 or 126, CHEM 104, or consent of instructor.

BIOL 352 — Advanced Botany. 4 hours.

An integrative approach to advanced topics in the study of plants with emphasis on physiology, taxonomy, anatomy, and ecology. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 126. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period per week.

BIOL 354 — Developmental Biology. 4 hours.

A study of the processes involved in the development of an organism from a fertilized cell. The study includes both classical embryological concepts as well as modern principles. Although emphasis is placed on the development of vertebrates, the development of various invertebrates is also examined. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 126. Recommended prerequisite: BIOL 320. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period per week.

BIOL 356 — Microbiology. 4 hours.

An introduction to microorganisms is presented with special emphasis on bacteria and viruses. Studies include history, morphology, classification, physiology, genetics, aseptic culturing technics, and practical applications. Host parasite interactions in relation to disease-health equilibrium are also studied, with emphasis on microbial virulence factors and host immune and non-immune defense mechanisms. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 126, or equivalent, four hours of chemistry. Three lecture periods and two laboratory periods per week.

BIOL 359 — Immunology. 4 hours.

Examines the molecular and cellular responses to infection and disease. Antibody structure, mechanisms of antibody formation, and the consequences of antibody interaction with antigen are studied. Cell-mediated and humoral immunity, histocompatability, tumor immunology, immunodeficiences, allergies, and autoimmune disease mechanisms are evaluated within the framework of a normal functioning immune system. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 320, 356. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 360 — Invertebrate Zoology. 4 hours.

A study of the principles of zoology as they apply to the invertebrates. The study is approached from a comparative standpoint with emphasis upon the anatomy and physiology of various representative organisms. Prerequisite: BIOL 125, 126. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 361 — Comparative Anatomy. 4 hours.

A study of functional and comparative morphology of vertebrate organs and organ systems. The primary emphasis will be on comprehensive laboratory dissections. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 126. Corequisite: BIOL 320. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 367 — Animal Behavior. 4 hours.

An interdisciplinary analysis of animal behavior in field, laboratory and captive settings while surveying theory and applied concepts. Proximate and ultimate causations of bird songs, navigation, communication, foraging and sociobiology are a few topics of exploration. A semester-long analysis of causations of seasonal and circadian behavior will be conducted by the student. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 126. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 370 — Ecology. 4 hours.

The relationships between organisms and their environment at the individual, population, and ecosystem levels. Laboratories emphasize concepts, research, and field work in local habitats. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 126. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 380 — Toxicology. 4 hours.

The science of poisons, including fundamental principles, classification of toxicants, and target organ toxicity. The course uses pharmacologic principles as the foundation for understanding toxicology. The course will address a range of topics, including historical aspects, risk assessment and management, environmental toxicology, clinical toxicology, and regulatory concerns. Prerequisites: BIOL 125 or 126, CHEM 104. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 430 — Neurobiology. 4 hours.

A study of the general principles of neural function, covering some invertebrates as well as some vertebrates, describing neuroscience at all levels from molecules to behavior. Prerequisites: BIOL 246 or 455.

BIOL 440 — Advanced Genetics. 4 hours.

An advanced study of genetics on the molecular and biochemical levels. This includes structure, function, organization, regulation and the repair of the genetic material, in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The laboratory involves cloning and manipulating a bacterial gene utilizing various recombinant DNA techniques. Prerequisites: BIOL 320, CHEM 311. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 455 — Physiology. 4 hours.

The study of physiological and homeostatic principles. The concepts of chemistry and physics are the framework applied to comprehend basic physiological mechanisms. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, CHEM 104, one year of physics, or consent of instructor. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 484 — Molecular and Cell Biology. 4 hours.

Examines the fundamental molecular nature of life. Acquainting students with basic biochemical and genetic mechanisms, it uses this information base to explore the details of cellular structure and function from a molecular orientation. Understanding each element of a normally functioning cell is the goal. From gene regulation to protein expression and function, to internal cellular architecture and molecular signaling, the relationships between different interacting components are emphasized. The goal is to lead students to an appreciation of the overwhelming complexity of life and the simultaneous simplicity inherent in living cells. The social aspects of cells are also examined with the goal of understanding how different cell types interact successfully in the multicellular context of tissues, organs, and whole organism. Prerequisites: BIOL 125, 126, 320 and 335. Three lecture periods and one laboratory period.

BIOL 487 — Field Experience. 4 hours.

Options include AuSable Institute Field Station courses, other field station courses, and supervised internships. Intent is to provide biology/zoology experience and course work not available on campus. All options must be academically rigorous, have clear application to one's ONU degree program, and must be approved by Biology department.

BIOL 490 — Research in Biology. 1 to 4 hours.

Open to advanced students with high academic achievement. Original research is to be conducted and a paper presented. Prerequisites: Permission of instructor, and at least junior standing. Credit is not to accumulate more than four hours.

BIOL 495 — Seminar in Biology. 1/2 hour.

Four semesters is required of all majors in Biology. This seminar provides for the discussion of biological developments and topics of current interest. Related topics such as bioethics and social concerns of specific biological advances are often discussed. Student presentations are an integral part of this course. Credit not to accumulate more than two hours.